Crontab Cron Jobs

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Crontab Cron Jobs
Information

 
Cron is the name of program that allows users to execute commands or
scripts automatically at a specified time and date.

A contab is a table of cron jobs. A crontab is simply a plain text file that contains a list of cron jobs.

A cron job is an entry in a crontab.
  

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Structure of a cron job:

A cron job contains six fields.

*    *     *    *     *     a_ command_to_execute
|     |     |     |     |
|     |     |     |     +------- day of week (0 - 6) (0=Sunday)
|     |     |     +--------- month (1 - 12)
|     |     +----------- day of month (1 - 31)
|     +------------- hour (0 - 23)
+--------------- min (0 - 59)

 
A crontab example:

# Execute script "/home/user/forwardmail" every minute of every day
*     *     *     *     *     /home/user/forwardmail

# Execute script "/home/user/trim.sh" every 5 minutes
*/5  *     *     *     *     /home/user/trim.sh

# Execute script "/home/user/archive.pl" at 12:00 AM every day
0     0     *     *     *     /home/user/archive.pl

# Execute script "/home/user/bkup.pl" at 3:30 AM every Sunday
30   3     *     *     0     /home/user/bkup.pl

# Execute script "/home/user/email-july4th-special.php" on July 4th at
# 12:00 AM
0     0     4     7     *     /home/user/email-july4th-special.php

  
Ignoring cron job command output:

Cron jobs send an email to the user executing the cron job. If this is not needed, place >/dev/null 2>&1 at the end of the command.

30   3     *     *     0     /home/user/bkup.pl >/dev/null 2>&1

  
Send command output to a log file:

Use >>/home/user/cronlog.txt to add the output of the command to the end of the /home/user/cronlog.txt file.

30   3     *     *     0     /home/user/bkup.pl >>/home/user/cronlog.txt


If you want to overwrite the previous output, use >/home/user/cronlog.txt

30   3     *     *     0     /home/user/bkup.pl >/home/user/cronlog.txt

  

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Cron Jobs
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